A history of the use and demise of the mandatory busing plan in Charlotte, specifically the political and economic consequences of busing that facilitated the city’s economic boom and enhancement of civic capacity
Current Selections
ClearUnintended Consequences? The Impact of the Brown v. Board of Education Decision on the Employment Status of Black Educators
Impact of Brown on black educators.
How Society Failed School Desegregation Policy: Looking Past the Schools to Understand Them
Aims to understand why desegregation policy has failed to achieve the goals set out by Brown v. Board and how research on school desegregation has contributed to these shortcomings.
Reflections of an Expert Witness
Reflections of Armor’s experience as an expert witness in over 30 school desegregation cases
School Desegregation and the American Dream
An examination of desegregation as a way to see how conflicts over the American dream have played out in America’s schools.
Economic School Integration
Explores the end of court-ordered desgregation, describes the alternative of socioeconomic integration, and sketches prospects for economic school integration in the future.
Educational Benefits of Racially and Ethnically Diverse School
Summarizes research on school desegregation and the benefits of racial and ethnic diversity in K-12 schooling.
The Evolution of School Desegregation Plans Since 1954
An examination of school desegregation plans since 1954.
Special Education or Racial Segregation: Understanding Variation in the Representation of Black Students in Educable Mentally Handicapped Programs
Studies the effects of local racial/political-economic structures, school district characteristics and school desegregation politics on the number and proportion of black students in educable mentally handicapped (EMH).
Integrating Neighborhoods, Segregating Schools: The Retreat from School Desegregation in the South, 1990-2000
Examines the relationship between residential segregation, public school segregation, and private school enrollment in the South in the 1990s.
Segregation, Desegregation, and Integration of Chicano Students: Old and New Realities
1) What is the prevalence and effects of Chicano segregation?
2) What is the history of Chicano segregation and racism towards Chicanos?
3) What are the contemporary issues in Chicano segregation? 4) What has been or can be done to integrate Chicano students?
Are Whites Still Fleeing? Racial Patterns and Enrollment Shifts in Urban Public Schools, 1987-1996
Examines recent trends in enrollment and racial composition in urban public schools. Does desegregation contribute to white enrollment losses?
Subverting Swann: First- and Second Generation Segregation in the Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools
Effects of First and Second Generation segregation on the academic outcomes of CMS students.
Maximizing the Benefits of Student Diversity: Lessons from School Desegregation Research
Summarizes research on effects of desegregation in elementary and secondary schools
When and How School Desegregation Improves Intergroup Relations: The Relationship Between Social Psychology and Social Policy
Analyze studies that focus on when and how does school desegregation improve intergroup relations?
The Continuing Struggle of African Americans for the Power to Make Real Educational Choices
Studies school choice for African Americans.
School Desegregation, Academic Attainment and Earnings
Whether desegregation programs have raised lifetime earnings for blacks, through interracial contact or improvements in school quality.
Regression Analysis in the Wilmington Case
Discusses the shortcomings of stepwise regression analyses in educational studies and examines the application of regression analyses by expert witnesses.
Expert Report of Patricia Gurin-Gratz et. al. v. Bollinger et. al.
Expert report from Gratz and Grutter
Organizational Context for Student Achievement: The Case of Student Racial Compositions
Exploring the relationship between school desegregation (race, SES, and school racial compostion) and student achievement and self-concept.
Money and School Performance: Lessons from the Kansas City Desegregation Experiment
Examines the Kansas City desegregation plan
When Desegregation Reduces Interracial Contact: A Class Size Paradox for Weak Ties
Desegregation is sometimes different from and inconsistent with maximizing interracial contact.
Affirmative Action in the Classroom: Diversity Effects on Student Outcomes: Social Science Evidence
Impact of diversity on student learning in higher education
Dr. Armor's Regressions
Critique of statistical analyses used in desegregation research by Dr. Armor, as well as by well-known expert witnesses and researchers in desegregation litigation.
Deepening Segregation in American Public Schools: A Special Report from the Harvard Project on School Desegregation
Report on school segregation changes after the 1990s.
Introduction and Overview: The Role of Social Science in School Desegregation Efforts
Overview of the role of social science in school desegregation
Outcomes of School Desegregation: Findings from Longitudinal Research
Important noncognitive outcomes of school desegregation.
Stepping Over the Color Line: African-American Students in White Suburban Schools
A complex conversation about the separate but unequal situation in many schools today, resulting in a call for a re-examination of school choice policies across the country to bring about more racial and social class integration
The Effect of Childhood Interracial Contact on Adult Antiblack Prejudice
Does desegregation have any measureable effect on racial prejudice? Does childhood interracial contact have any lasting effect on adult prejudice?
Forced Justice: School Desegregation and the Law
To describe and explain conclusions about desegregation policy, especially to show how these viewpoints have evolved from legal doctrines, social and science research, and extensive case experience
Review of Research on School Desegregation's Impact on Elementary and Secondary School Students
Review of the literature on the impact of school desegregation. Focus on methodological and other problems that typify work in this area.
Why Desegregate? The Effect of School Desegregation on Adult Occupational Desegregation of African Americans, Whites and Hispanics
Studies the relationship between attending desegregated high schools and desegregated adult workplaces.
The Continuing Significance of Desegregation: School Racial Composition and African American Inclusion in American Society
Summarizes research on the long term consequences of desegregation.
School Desegregation and Intergroup Relations: A Review of the Literature
Assess the current state of literature on desegregation and intergroup relations
Desegregation and the Stability of White Enrollments: A School-Level Analysis, 1968-84
- Is the alteration of a school’s racial composition during desegregation associated with the subsequent withdrawal of White pupils?
- In relation to long-term effects, are the school-enrollment patterns of White pupils in the post-desegregation period distinct from those prior to desegregation?
White Flight and White Return in Norfolk: A Test of Prediction
Compares prediction of continuing white flight In Norfolk to what actually happened there during the 1980s.
Social-Psychological Processes that Perpetuate Racial Segregation: The Relationship Between School and Employment Desegregation
Study processes that perpetuate segregation.
Finding Niches: Desegregated Students Sixteen Years Later
Compares educational attainment and present attitudes of young black adults who did and did not participate in a desegregation program.
The Social and Academic Consequences of School Desegregation
Reviews the literature on long term social consequences of school desegregation, & how to opearte desegregated schools effectively.
Does School Desegregation Policy Stimulate Residential Integration?
Relationship between schools and housing and specifically the relocation behavior of minority households.
Opportunities and Constraints: Black-White Differences in the Formation of Interracial Friendships
Studies the effects of classroom climate, instructional organization, and classroom racial composition on cross-race friendliness
Ability Grouping and its Alternatives: Must We Track?
What is the evidence about the achievement effects of ability grouping? What are the alternatives?