- For the years 1997 to 2000, students exited district schools where the average White student was exposed to 30% minority students. These students enrolled in charter schools where the average White student attended the same school with 18% minority students.
- White students exited district elementary schools where the average White elementary student attended the same school with 29% minority students to attend a charter elementary school the following year with exposure to 16% minority students.
- On entry into high school, students also attended more racially segregated charter schools, but the difference between the district schools of exit and charter high schools of entry are less pronounced than in the elementary grades.
- Students in college-preparatory and Back-to-Basics elementary charter schools attended charter schools with less exposure between White and minority students compared with district schools.
- Students attending all types of charter high schools were in environments with more academic exposure than in district schools.
- Students do not attend charter schools according to patterns that support the charter school specialization theory, but in most cases the trend is toward more integrated conditions in charter schools than hypothesized.