- Racial diversity is important to the learning environment in schools.
- By evaluating schools based on test scores of racial subgroups, the NCLB policy is, like controlled choice, explicitly race conscious.
- Under both magnet schools and controlled choice, the success of the program in achieving both desegregation and quality depends on whether the schooling options are truly desirable to white and middle class families.
- African American students learn more when they have White peers and peers with higher test scores.
- Benefits for African Americans arise not only because of apparent achievement gains but also because of the social learning environment of minority students in majority-white schools.
- Both African Americans and Hispanics continue to learn more in schools with fewer minorities.
- It is not race peers that affects learning, but the conditions under which minority students are raised and the characteristics of their classmates. For both reasons, integrated schools seem to benefit minority students.
- Results of simulations of the effects of controlled choice in Louisville and Seattle show that achievement gap could be completely eliminated through desegregation.
- Minority students make greater learning gains in schools with more White peers- not because race itself, but because of the economic and academic advantages of students in these schools and the important influence that classmates have on minority learning.
- The only remaining option left is controlled choice implemented by school districts without court intervention.