- Argues that universities have a compelling interest in diversity because a racially diverse student body furthers learning.
- Evidentiary requirements in past discrimination cases should not be applied to questions about diversity in higher education.
- Benefits of diversity cannot be quantified or proven by universities to meet evidentiary requirements to prove discrimination.
- Courts can use the testimony of educators.
- Race influences experiences in life and perspective.
- Racial diversity contributes to higher education because students’ diverse experiences and backgrounds can be a learning tool.