- The Supreme court limited the extend of desegregation remedies in the Milliken vs. Bradley (1974) which ruled that unless the suburban communities or the state contributed to the segregation that left the communities heavily minority the suburbs could not be included in the remedy. This court case effectively limited the scope of desegregation in metro areas. Boundaries served to maintain the white, privileged nature of the population.
- The boundaries created in the school district locked Birmingham’s population into a declining population that are poor and minority. As the districts diverged the segregation between the districts grew and many of the schools on Jefferson County were predominately one race.
- School segregation in Jefferson county remains high but today segregation is largely a matter of boundary lines. This case study challenges the theory that educational choice will provide high quality educational choices for all.