- Racial and ethnic segregation in is widespread in CA, and that the extent of segregation varies widely among ethnic groups and among the six largest school districts.
- White students had the least exposure to members of other groups because they attended schools that were predominantly White.
- Find significant differences in achievement levels across and within school districts even after adjusting for differences in the background characteristics of students.
- Segregation can, but does not always, lead to achievement differences across schools and among ethnic groups.
- In most cases, controlling for school context had little effect on minority achievement gap. The negative achievement gap between Whites and minorities remained.
- Results suggest that students, in general, achievement better results when they attend a school with higher average parental background. Because minority status are less likely to attend schools with favorable school contexts, they are less likely to attend schools with favorable school contexts, they are less able to capitalize on contextual effects.
- Reforms that both alter the social composition of schools and redistribute resources may be the most successful.