Diversity in Education
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The Effects of School Racial and Ethnic Composition on Academic Achievement During Adolescence

  • Racial and ethnic school and peer composition are significantly related to academic achievement.
  • Peer measures of racial/ethnic composition do not mediate the relationship between school racial/ethnic composition and achievement. Even with the inclusion of peer racial/ethnic composition measures, the effects of racial/ethnic composition continue to be significant. It is not peer racial/ethnic compositional influences that are driving the effect of school ethnic/racial composition.
  • Race/ethnicity measured at the individual , school, or even peer group level has important effects on individual achievement.
  • The resources and socioeconomic composition of schools may help to explain the effect of the Hispanic composition of a school, but this is not the case for peer group measures of Hispanic composition, nor can it account for the influence of White and Black peer and school composition.
  • Racial/ethnic composition of schools matters for educational achievement in the U.S. Strong efforts need to be made to keep schools integrated both racially/ethnically and socioeconomically.
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